Art and Literature
The special feature of psychoanalytic view toward works of art, is that it seeks to find the psychic forces motivating the artist - and finds them in the unconscious. The works of art are born out of the imagination of their author, of his fantasies. According to the theory of psychoanalysis (ie. metapsychology) conscious fantasies are just surface manifestations of others, buried in the depths of the unconscious mental life. In the meeting between the unconscious of the artist and that of the person perceiving his work, lies a considerable part of the impact the work of art wields.
According to Dr. Freud, "when the poet introduces us to the games of imagination or tells us about them (we tend to treat them as his personal "daydreams"), we are experiencing sovereign pleasure." Through his ars poetica, the artist manages to soften the selfish nature of fantasy and to provide aesthetic pleasure. He leads us to a state, when we can enjoy our own fantasies "without any reproach and without shame."
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nikola Atanassov
Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud, born Sigismund Schlomo Freud, was an Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist who founded the psychoanalytic school of psychology. Freud is best known for his theories of the unconscious mind and the defense mechanism of repression. He is also renowned for his redefinition of sexual desire as the primary motivational energy of human life which is directed toward a wide variety of objects; as well as his therapeutic techniques, including his theory of transference in the therapeutic relationship and the presumed value of dreams as sources of insight into unconscious desires.
Freud is commonly referred to as "the father of psychoanalysis" and his work has been highly influential — popularizing such notions as the unconscious, the Oedipus complex, defense mechanisms, Freudian slips and dream symbolism—while also making a long-lasting impact on fields as diverse as literature, film, Marxist and feminist theories, and psychology. An enormously controversial figure during his lifetime, he remains the subject of vigorous and even bitter debate, with the value of his legacy frequently disputed.
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